Which of the following can result from natural selection?

Natural selection is a fundamental concept in biology that explains how species evolve over time through adaptation to their environments. The correct answer reflects the process whereby individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those advantageous traits to the next generation. This gradual change leads to organisms evolving to better fit their ecological niches, enhancing their chances of survival and reproduction in a changing environment.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe the outcomes of natural selection. The idea of all organisms becoming identical contradicts the diversity that natural selection fosters among populations. Immediate extinction of species does not align with the gradual process of natural selection, which typically leads to changes over longer periods. Lastly, the concept that organisms permanently lose traits suggests a static approach rather than the dynamic adaptations that natural selection encourages, where traits may be gained, lost, or modified based on environmental pressures. Thus, the ability of organisms to evolve through natural selection is a key aspect of biological diversity and evolutionary theory.