What is the primary function of phloem in plants?

The primary function of phloem in plants is to transport food, which mainly consists of the sugars produced during photosynthesis. The phloem is a type of vascular tissue that plays a crucial role in the distribution of these nutrients from the leaves, where they are synthesized, to other parts of the plant, including the stems, roots, and fruits. This process is essential for providing energy and sustenance to all plant cells, which facilitates growth and development.

Phloem transport occurs through specialized cells in the phloem tissue, such as sieve tubes, which allow for the efficient movement of food. The transport system operates mainly through a process known as translocation, where sugars and other nutrients are moved to areas of demand or storage, contributing to the overall health of the plant.

In contrast to other processes, such as the transport of water, which is primarily handled by xylem, or the support of flowers, which is a mechanical function likely aided by other structures in the plant, the role of phloem specifically revolves around the movement of food. Thus, the answer that highlights the function of food transportation accurately reflects the key role of phloem in plant physiology.